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DP Subject Enrichment & Target Grades

What each IB DP subject is really like, what MYP grades you should aim for, and how to go beyond the syllabus.

Group 4 — Sciences

Science Physics

DP Physics is heavily mathematical and conceptual. You'll study mechanics, thermal physics, waves, electricity, magnetism, circular motion, atomic/nuclear physics, and energy production. HL adds fields, electromagnetic induction, and quantum physics.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7. Strong algebra, trigonometry, and problem-solving skills are essential.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. You should be comfortable with formula manipulation and graph analysis.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Six Easy Pieces by Richard Feynman; A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson
  • Online: MIT OpenCourseWare physics lectures; MinutePhysics and Veritasium YouTube channels
  • Competitions: British Physics Olympiad (BPhO), Physics Challenge, Science Olympiad
  • Activities: Build circuits, design experiments, visit science museums, join a robotics club
Physics pairs well with Maths AA HL. If you enjoy both, consider engineering, astrophysics, or applied maths at university.

Science Chemistry

DP Chemistry bridges abstract theory and practical application. Core topics include stoichiometry, atomic structure, bonding, energetics, kinetics, equilibrium, acids/bases, and redox. HL dives deeper into organic chemistry, measurement, and option topics.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7. You need strong maths skills and the ability to handle abstract models.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Solid understanding of patterns and willingness to memorise key reactions.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: The Disappearing Spoon by Sam Kean; Periodic Tales by Hugh Aldersey-Williams
  • Online: Tyler DeWitt and Professor Dave Explains on YouTube; Royal Society of Chemistry resources
  • Competitions: Chemistry Olympiad (RSC), Cambridge Chemistry Challenge (C3)
  • Activities: Home chemistry experiments (safely!), visit a university lab, explore spectroscopy apps
Chemistry is essential for medicine, pharmacy, biochemistry, and chemical engineering. It's often called the "central science" because it connects physics and biology.

Science Biology

DP Biology is content-heavy with a focus on understanding living systems. Topics include cell biology, molecular biology, genetics, ecology, evolution, and human physiology. HL adds neurobiology, biotechnology, and deeper biochemistry.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7. Strong memory, data analysis skills, and a genuine interest in life sciences.
SL TargetMYP grade 4-5+. Willingness to learn detailed content and interpret diagrams.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins; The Gene by Siddhartha Mukherjee; I Contain Multitudes by Ed Yong
  • Online: Amoeba Sisters, Khan Academy Biology, CrashCourse Biology
  • Competitions: Biology Olympiad (IBO), Biology Challenge, science fairs
  • Activities: Nature journaling, ecology surveys, volunteering at veterinary clinics or conservation projects
Biology HL is required for most medical school applications. If you're considering medicine, pair it with Chemistry HL.

Group 5 — Mathematics

Maths Mathematics: Analysis & Approaches (AA)

Maths AA focuses on algebraic methods, calculus, proof, and mathematical thinking. It's the more "pure" of the two courses and is required for many STEM university courses. HL is significantly harder with complex calculus, series, and proof.

HL TargetMYP grade 7. Exceptional algebra, a love of problem-solving, and comfort with abstract reasoning.
SL TargetMYP grade 5-6. Solid algebraic skills and comfort with functions, trigonometry, and basic calculus.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Fermat's Last Theorem by Simon Singh; How Not to Be Wrong by Jordan Ellenberg
  • Online: 3Blue1Brown (YouTube), Art of Problem Solving, Brilliant.org
  • Competitions: UKMT (Junior/Intermediate/Senior), AMC, Kangourou, Olympiad training
  • Activities: Maths puzzles, coding mathematical simulations, recreational maths reading
Maths AA HL is required or strongly recommended for engineering, physics, computer science, and economics at top universities.

Maths Mathematics: Applications & Interpretation (AI)

Maths AI focuses on modelling, statistics, and using mathematics in real-world contexts. It uses technology (GDC) extensively. HL is strong in statistics, probability, and Voronoi diagrams. SL is the most accessible DP maths option.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7. Good number sense and a preference for applied/contextual problems over abstract algebra.
SL TargetMYP grade 4-5. Basic arithmetic confidence and willingness to use technology.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Weapons of Math Destruction by Cathy O'Neil; The Art of Statistics by David Spiegelhalter
  • Online: StatQuest (YouTube), Khan Academy Statistics, Desmos activities
  • Competitions: Statistics poster competitions, data science challenges on Kaggle
  • Activities: Collect and analyse real data, learn spreadsheet modelling, explore data visualisation
Maths AI HL is accepted for business, psychology, and social science degrees. Check specific university requirements — some STEM courses require AA, not AI.

Group 1 — Studies in Language & Literature

Language English A: Language & Literature

You'll analyse literary and non-literary texts, exploring how language constructs meaning, identity, and culture. Expect close reading, comparative essays, and individual oral assessments. HL requires deeper analysis and more texts.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in English. Strong analytical writing, wide reading habits, and comfort with ambiguity.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Solid essay writing and willingness to engage with diverse texts.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Read widely outside the syllabus — literary fiction, journalism, speeches, graphic novels
  • Online: The School of Life (YouTube), LitCharts, The Paris Review interviews
  • Competitions: Young Writers competitions, essay prizes (John Locke, Marshall Society)
  • Activities: Start a book club, write a blog, join a debate society, attend literary festivals
English A HL is valued for law, humanities, journalism, and any degree that requires strong written communication.

Group 3 — Individuals & Societies

Humanities History

DP History is source-based and essay-driven. You'll study prescribed subjects (e.g., military leaders, Cold War), world history topics, and HL regional history. Strong essay technique and source evaluation skills are essential.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in Humanities. Excellent essay writing, ability to construct arguments, and a passion for understanding cause and consequence.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Organised thinking and willingness to write structured analytical essays.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari; Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond
  • Online: OverSimplified and Extra History (YouTube), History Today magazine
  • Competitions: Historical Association essay prizes, Model United Nations
  • Activities: Visit museums, watch documentaries, read primary sources, listen to history podcasts (e.g., Hardcore History)

Humanities Geography

DP Geography covers population, global climate, global resource consumption, and geopolitics. You'll do fieldwork and an internal assessment investigation. HL adds geopolitical topics and deeper case study analysis.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in Humanities/Geography. Strong data interpretation, mapping skills, and understanding of global systems.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Interest in world issues and comfortable with diagram/map interpretation.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Prisoners of Geography by Tim Marshall; Factfulness by Hans Rosling
  • Online: Our World in Data, Geography Now (YouTube), Gapminder tools
  • Competitions: Geography Olympiad (iGEO), Royal Geographical Society awards
  • Activities: Fieldwork projects, GIS mapping, follow current affairs through geographic lens

Humanities Economics

DP Economics covers microeconomics, macroeconomics, international economics, and development economics. Expect lots of diagrams, real-world applications, and policy evaluation. HL adds quantitative techniques (calculations, theory of the firm).

HL TargetMYP grade 6+ in Humanities and grade 5+ in Maths. Requires comfort with graphs, calculations, and structured analysis.
SL TargetMYP grade 5 in Humanities. Interest in how economies work and current affairs.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Freakonomics by Levitt & Dubner; The Undercover Economist by Tim Harford
  • Online: EconplusDal (YouTube), The Economist, Planet Money podcast
  • Competitions: Economics essay prizes (Marshall Society, RES), stock market simulations
  • Activities: Follow financial news, start a small business, debate economic policies

Humanities Psychology

DP Psychology explores biological, cognitive, and sociocultural approaches to behaviour. You'll evaluate research studies, consider ethics, and examine abnormal psychology. HL adds qualitative research and deeper study options.

HL TargetMYP grade 6+ in Science or Humanities. Critical thinking, essay writing, and an interest in human behaviour.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Curiosity about why people behave the way they do and comfort with evaluating evidence.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Books: Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman; The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat by Oliver Sacks
  • Online: CrashCourse Psychology, Simply Psychology website, TED talks on psychology
  • Competitions: Psychology essay competitions, research poster presentations
  • Activities: Design simple experiments, read psychology case studies, listen to Hidden Brain podcast

Group 6 — The Arts

Arts Visual Arts

DP Visual Arts involves creating a body of artwork, a comparative study of artists, and a process portfolio. Both HL and SL require strong independent work ethic and creative exploration across media.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in Arts. Deep commitment to art-making, strong analytical writing about art, extensive portfolio.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Genuine interest in visual expression and willingness to experiment with media.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Activities: Visit galleries and exhibitions, keep a daily sketchbook, experiment with new media (printmaking, digital art, sculpture)
  • Online: Google Arts & Culture, The Art Assignment (YouTube), Smarthistory
  • Competitions: Young Artist exhibitions, Royal Academy Young Artists, school/local art shows
  • Books: Ways of Seeing by John Berger; The Story of Art by E.H. Gombrich

Arts Music

DP Music involves creating, performing, and analysing music across diverse cultural contexts. You'll compose original works, give solo/group performances, and write a musical investigation (exploration).

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in Music. Instrumental/vocal proficiency, music theory knowledge, and composition skills.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Ability to play an instrument or sing, basic theory, and interest in diverse musical traditions.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Activities: Join ensembles, attend concerts, learn music production (GarageBand, Logic, Ableton)
  • Online: musictheory.net, 12tone and Adam Neely (YouTube), ABRSM theory resources
  • Competitions: Young Musician competitions, composition prizes, music festivals
  • Books: How Music Works by David Byrne; This Is Your Brain on Music by Daniel Levitin

Arts Theatre

DP Theatre covers performance, directing, devising, and theatre theory. Assessments include a solo theatre piece, a director's notebook, a collaborative project, and a research presentation. It's practical and analytical.

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in Drama/Arts. Strong performance skills, confidence, and passion for theatre-making.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Enjoyment of performance and willingness to analyse different theatre traditions.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Activities: Attend live theatre, join school/community productions, explore different theatre traditions
  • Online: National Theatre at Home, Digital Theatre+, theatre reviews in The Guardian
  • Books: An Actor Prepares by Stanislavski; The Empty Space by Peter Brook
  • Competitions: Shakespeare competitions, drama festivals, monologue competitions

Group 4 — Computer Science

Tech Computer Science

DP Computer Science covers system fundamentals, computer architecture, networks, computational thinking, and abstract data structures. HL adds OOP, control systems, and more complex data structures. You'll code your internal assessment solution in Java (or an approved language).

HL TargetMYP grade 6-7 in relevant subjects (Maths/Design). Programming experience and logical/algorithmic thinking.
SL TargetMYP grade 5+. Interest in technology, willingness to learn programming, and logical problem-solving.

Enrichment Ideas

  • Online: CS50 (Harvard, free), Codecademy, The Coding Train (YouTube), LeetCode
  • Books: Code by Charles Petzold; Hello World by Hannah Fry
  • Competitions: USACO, British Informatics Olympiad, Advent of Code, hackathons
  • Activities: Build personal projects (websites, apps, games), contribute to open source, learn Python/Java
Prior programming experience isn't required for IB CS, but it helps enormously. Start learning Python over the summer before DP if you can.